Notification runtime permission-Android13

Blog Infos

Author

Nav Singh

Published

21. March 2022

Topics

Android 13

Author

Nav Singh

Published

21. March 2022

Topics

Android 13

Today, We will explore the New notification 🔔 runtime permission that was added in Android Tiramisu(13).

This permission is required for non-exempt notifications
Its protection level is dangerous ⛔️
Constant value:

public static final String POST_NOTIFICATIONS = "android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS";

view raw Notification value hosted with ❤ by GitHub

App behavior based on Action

Allow:
when the user taps on allow app can do the following:
– Send notifications 🔔
– All notification channels of an app are allowed.
– The app can post notifications related to foreground services.
Don’t allow
when the user taps on don’t allow:
– App can’t send the notification 🔕
– All notification channels are blocked
Dismissed the dialog without any action
– If the app is eligible for a temporary notification permission grant, the system preserves the temporary grant otherwise, the app can’t send notifications.

Behavior on newly installed apps

If the device is running Android13 then the app’s notifications are off bydefault

When permission dialog shows up it depends on the targetSdk of the app

Android13: We have full control when we want to ask the user for permission
Android 12L or lower: The system will show the permission dialog when the app creates its first notification channel

Effects on updates to existing apps

The system grants temporary permission to the app if it falls under the category of eligible apps.

The length of a temporary grant depends on the targetSDK

Android13: valid until the first-time app launches the activity
Android 12L or lower: valid until the user selects an option in the permission dialog

If the user dismiss the permission dialog without selecting an option, the system will persist the temporary grant

Let’s see it in action

Notification Permission Dialog

Declare the permission in the app’s manifest file

	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
	<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="com.example.myapplication">

	<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS" />

	<application>

	</application>

	</manifest>

view raw AndroidManifest.xml hosted with ❤ by GitHub

2. Ask for permission from the user

	package com.example.myapplication

	import android.Manifest
	import android.content.Context
	import android.content.Intent
	import android.content.pm.PackageManager
	import android.net.Uri
	import android.os.Build
	import android.os.Bundle
	import android.provider.Settings
	import android.util.Log
	import android.widget.Button
	import android.widget.TextView
	import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts
	import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
	import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat
	import com.google.android.material.snackbar.Snackbar

	/**
	* @author Nav Singh
	*/
	class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

	private val requestPermissionLauncher = registerForActivityResult(
	ActivityResultContracts.RequestPermission()
	) { isGranted: Boolean ->
	if (isGranted) {
	// Permission is granted. Continue the action or workflow in your
	// app.
	sendNotification(this)
	} else {
	// Explain to the user that the feature is unavailable because the
	// features requires a permission that the user has denied. At the
	// same time, respect the user's decision. Don't link to system
	// settings in an effort to convince the user to change their
	// decision.
	}
	}

	override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
	super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
	setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
	val message = intent?.getStringExtra(NOTIFICATION_MESSAGE_TAG)
	findViewById<TextView>(R.id.tv_message).text = message
	findViewById<Button>(R.id.click).setOnClickListener {
	when {
	ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(
	this, Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS
	) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED -> {
	// You can use the API that requires the permission.
	Log.e(TAG, "onCreate: PERMISSION GRANTED")
	sendNotification(this)
	}
	shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS) -> {
	Snackbar.make(
	findViewById(R.id.parent_layout),
	"Notification blocked",
	Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG
	).setAction("Settings") {
	// Responds to click on the action
	val intent = Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS)
	intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK)
	val uri: Uri = Uri.fromParts("package", packageName, null)
	intent.data = uri
	startActivity(intent)
	}.show()
	}
	else -> {
	// The registered ActivityResultCallback gets the result of this request
	requestPermissionLauncher.launch(
	Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS
	)
	}
	}
	}
	}

	companion object {
	const val TAG = "MainActivity"
	const val NOTIFICATION_MESSAGE_TAG = "message from notification"
	fun newIntent(context: Context) = Intent(context, MainActivity::class.java).apply {
	putExtra(
	NOTIFICATION_MESSAGE_TAG, "Hi ☕\uD83C\uDF77\uD83C\uDF70"
	)
	}
	}
	}

view raw MainActivity.kt hosted with ❤ by GitHub

3. Create and send Notification

	package com.example.myapplication

	import android.app.NotificationChannel
	import android.app.NotificationManager
	import android.app.PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE
	import android.content.Context
	import android.os.Build
	import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat
	import androidx.core.app.TaskStackBuilder

	const val NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID = BuildConfig.APPLICATION_ID + ".channel"

	/**
	* @author Nav Singh
	*/
	fun sendNotification(context: Context) {
	val notificationManager = context
	.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager
	// We need to create a NotificationChannel associated with our CHANNEL_ID before sending a notification.
	if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O &&
	notificationManager.getNotificationChannel(NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID) == null
	) {
	val name = context.getString(R.string.app_name)
	val channel = NotificationChannel(
	NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID,
	name,
	NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT
	)
	notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel)
	}

	val intent = MainActivity.newIntent(context.applicationContext)

	// create a pending intent that opens MainActivity when the user clicks on the notification
	val stackBuilder = TaskStackBuilder.create(context)
	.addParentStack(MainActivity::class.java)
	.addNextIntent(intent)
	val notificationPendingIntent = stackBuilder
	.getPendingIntent(getUniqueId(), FLAG_IMMUTABLE)

	// build the notification object with the data to be shown
	val notification = NotificationCompat.Builder(context, NOTIFICATION_CHANNEL_ID)
	.setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
	.setContentTitle("Title")
	.setContentText("Content goes here")
	.setContentIntent(notificationPendingIntent)
	.setAutoCancel(true)
	.build()

	notificationManager.notify(getUniqueId(), notification)
	}

	private fun getUniqueId() = ((System.currentTimeMillis() % 10000).toInt())

view raw CreateNotification.kt hosted with ❤ by GitHub

Demo

Allow notification permission

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