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In this article, you will learn how to make use of Android Manifest placeholders to supercharge your Android app development.

Injecting Variables into AndroidManifest.xml
// build.gradle
android {
  defaultConfig {
    manifestPlaceholders.baseUrl = "api.demoserver.com"
  }
}
// AndroidManifest.xml
<intent-filter ...> 
  <data android:scheme="https" android:host="${baseUrl}" ... />
</intent-filter>

Similarly, other examples can include properties such as applicationIdscreenOrientation as well as frequently used elements in the AndroidManifest.xml:

// build.gradle
android {
  defaultConfig {
    applicationId "example.manifest.app"
  }
  buildTypes {
    release {
      manifestPlaceholders.screenOrientation = "portrait"
    }
    debug {
      manifestPlaceholders.screenOrientation = "unspecified"
    }
  }
}

Which can be used in your Manifest as below:

// AndroidManifest.xml
<intent-filter ... >
  <action android:name="${applicationId}" />
</intent-filter>
<uses-sdk tools:overrideLibrary="${applicationId}.home, ${applicationId}.util" />
<activity
  android:name=".MainActivity"
  android:screenOrientation="${screenOrientation}" />

Alternatively, you can specify in the form of key-value pairs at once by assigning manifestPlaceholders as an array like this:

// build.gradle
android {
  defaultConfig {
    manifestPlaceholders = [baseUrl: "dev.demoserver.com",
                            screenOrientation: "portrait",
                           ]
  }
}
Managing Multiple Manifests
// build.gradle
android {
  buildTypes {
    release { ... }
    debug { ... }
  }
  flavorDimensions "ui", "paidui", "trialui", "referralui"
  productFlavors {
    paid {
      dimension "ui"
    }
    free {
      dimension "paidui"
    }
    trial {
      dimension "trialui"
    }
    referral {
      dimension "referralui"
    }
  }
}
Merging Multiple Manifests

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Build Your Own Manifest
<intent-filter>
  <action android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />
  <category android:name="android.intent.category.BROWSABLE"/>
  <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
  <!-- custom intent filter definition for deep links -->
  ${deepLinks_manifestPlaceholder}
</intent-filter>
<application>
  <meta-data android:name="io.sentry.dsn" android:value="https://1093t8yhqfw8h819@x11.ingest.sentry.io/123123" />
  <!-- Set tracesSampleRate to 1.0 to capture 100% of transactions for performance monitoring.
   We recommend adjusting this value in production. -->
  <meta-data android:name="io.sentry.traces.sample-rate" android:value="1.0" />
</application>
<meta-data android:name="io.sentry.traces.activity.enable" android:value="true" />
<meta-data android:name="io.sentry.traces.activity.auto-finish.enable" android:value="true" />
android {
  buildTypes {
    release { 
      manifestPlaceholders.sentryTraceSampleRate = "0.6"
      manifestPlaceholders.sentryActivityTrace = true
      manifestPlaceholders.sentryAutoFinishActivityTrace = true
    }
    debug {
      manifestPlaceholders.sentryTraceSampleRate = "1.0"
      manifestPlaceholders.sentryActivityTrace = false
      manifestPlaceholders.sentryAutoFinishActivityTrace = false
    }
  }
}

With the above build.gradle, you can modify your AndroidManifest.xml to support placeholders as below:

// AndroidManifest.xml
<application>
  <meta-data android:name="io.sentry.dsn" android:value="https://1093t8yhqfw8h819@x11.ingest.sentry.io/123123" />
  <!-- Set tracesSampleRate to 1.0 to capture 100% of transactions for performance monitoring.
      We recommend adjusting this value in production. -->
  <meta-data android:name="io.sentry.traces.sample-rate" android:value="${sentryTraceSampleRate}" />
  <meta-data android:name="io.sentry.traces.activity.enable" android:value="${sentryActivityTrace}" />
  <meta-data android:name="io.sentry.traces.activity.auto-finish.enable" android:value="${sentryAutoFinishActivityTrace}" />
</application>
Conclusion

This article was originally published on proandroiddev.com

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